Mtundu wa ma bellows
Bellows: Cholimba chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kupanikizika pazida zoyezera. Kutentha kumakhala kofutukuka ndipo kumatha kutulutsa kusunthika chifukwa cha kuthamanga, mphamvu ya axial, mphamvu yopingasa kapena mphindi yopinda. Cholinga chachikulu cha zotumphukira ndikutembenuza kukakamiza kuti kusamuke kapena kukakamiza ngati chinthu choyezera kupimitsa kwamphamvu. Khoma lamachubu ndilocheperako, kukhudzika ndikokwera, kuchuluka kwake ndi makumi a Pa mpaka makumi a MPa. Kutulutsa kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chidindo chodzipatula kuti chilekanitse atolankhani awiri kapena kuteteza madzi amadzi kuti asalowe mgawo loyesera la chipangizocho. Nthawi zina imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati magawo awiri olumikizana, etc.Bellows molingana ndi kapangidwe ka zida zitha kugawidwa m'miyeso yazitsulo, mitundu yosakhala yachitsulo mitundu iwiri; Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake kamatha kugawidwa m'modzi komanso wosanjikiza Zipolopolo zosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitilira muyeso. chitsulo chochepa, aloyi a Monel ndi aloyi wa nickel.
Zizindikiro za magwiridwe antchito
Pindani kuuma
Katundu wofunikira kuti apange kusunthika kwa mayunitsi achitsulo kapena chinthu china chotanuka chimatchedwa kuuma kwa chinthu ndipo chimafotokozedwa kuti "K". Mitundu yolimba ya zotumphukira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi uinjiniya, chindapusa chokhacho chingakhale chochepa kwa +/- 50% .Kukhazikika kwa ma bellows kumagawika kukhala okhwima a axial, kupindika kosasunthika komanso kusakhazikika kwa torsional malingana ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa katundu ndi kusamuka Pogwiritsa ntchito mabomba, ambiri mwa iwo ndi axial katundu ndipo kusamutsidwa ndikosunthira mzere.
1. Njira yamagetsi yowerengera kuuma kwa belu
2. Kuwerengetsa kuuma kwa malowedwe pogwiritsa ntchito chilinganizo
3. Kuwerengera kwa kuuma kwa belu pogwiritsa ntchito manambala
4. Kuuma kowerengera njira ya EJMA
5. Njira yaku Japan yowerengera kuuma
6. American Kellogg (njira yatsopano) yowerengera kuuma
Kuphatikiza pa njira zisanu ndi chimodzi zowerengera zowuma, pali njira zina zowerengera zowerengera zakunja, sizidziwitsidwa kuno.Anthu ogwira ntchito zamakina mdziko lathu agwira ntchito zambiri pakufufuza kwamalingaliro ndi kuyesa kuyesa kwa matondo, ndipo achita bwino Njira Njira zazikulu zofufuzira ndi izi:
(1) njira zosokoneza
(2) Njira yoyambira yophatikiza manambala
(3) Njira yofananira
(4) Njira yolowera kumapeto
Njira zonsezi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera ma bellowser molondola Komabe, chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro ozama komanso njira zowerengera masamu, ndizovuta kugwiritsa ntchito uinjiniya, komanso ndizovuta kuzidziwa, chifukwa chake ziyenera kukhala kupititsa patsogolo.
Kuuma mawerengedwe azitsulo zazitsulo kuphatikiza ndi masika ozungulira
Pogwiritsira ntchito, kuuma kwa zofunikira zazikulu, komanso kuuma kwazitsulo komwe kumakhala kochepa kumakhala kocheperako, kumatha kuganiziridwa mkati mwa zotsekera zamkati kapena kusanja kwakunja kozungulira masentimita. Njira zotanuka za makina otanukawa zimangotengera mawonekedwe am'masika ndi kukhazikika kwa malo ogwira ntchito a belu.
Kuumitsa kuuma kwa belu
Kuwerengera kupsinjika kwa ma bellows
Monga gawo losindikiza, zotchinga ziyenera kuyamba kukumana ndi mphamvu, ndiye kuti kupsinjika kwake sikumapitilira kupsinjika kovomerezeka pamikhalidwe yomwe yaperekedwa. Malinga ndi momwe magwiridwe antchito amafunikira komanso zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito, kupsinjika kwakukulu kumatha kukhala mphamvu zokolola, kupsinjika kwakukulu pakakhala kusokonekera, kapena mphamvu yakutopa, ndi zina zambiri. Kugawidwa kwamaganizidwe mumakoma akuyenera kuwunikiridwa.
Kupsinjika kwa ma bellows kumayambitsidwa ndi kupsinjika kwa dongosolo ndi kusintha kwa ma bellows. Chipolopolo chopyapyala chomwe sichitha kukana kupindika nthawi zina chimatchedwa nembanemba, ndipo kupsinjika komwe kumawerengedwa popanda kupindika kumatchedwa kupsinjika kwa nembanemba. ena atapanikizika ndi akunja, monga mipira yolumikizira yolumikizira ndi payipi yazitsulo nthawi zambiri ma bellows omwe ali mkati mwamapanikizidwe amkati, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu valavu ya tsinde la valavu pansi pamavuto akunja makamaka pano makamaka kusanthula kupsinjika kwa matondo pansi pamavuto amkati, kuthekera kwa ma buluu pansi kuthamanga kwakunja kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa kuthamanga kwapakati kukaniza. kutsimikizika koyambirira kwachitika pakukakamizidwa kwa ma bellows, ndipo njira zambiri zowerengera, mapulogalamu owerengera ndi ma chart amapangidwe amisiri apangidwapo. zikhalidwe sizophweka kwambiri kapena zabwino kwambiri, kotero ndizovuta kuonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo njira zambiri sizinavomerezedwe ndi gulu laumisiri Chifukwa chake, pali njira zochepa zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zenizeni. njira zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito motere:
1. Kuwerengetsa kupsinjika kwa matumbo pogwiritsa ntchito manambala
Kungoganiza kuti ziwombankhanga zonse zili chimodzimodzi, theka limodzi lokha la ma bellows limaphunziridwa powerengera. Njira yowerengera imathetsedwa molingana ndi equation yopanda malire ya E. Lesnier ya kusintha kwa axial kofananira kwa chipolopolo chochepa kwambiri chokhala ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyananso. chipolopolo chochepa kwambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikiza: poganiza kuti makulidwe ake ndi ochepa poyerekeza ndi kukula kwa kupindika kwa chipolopolo; Chifukwa pakupanga ma bellows, kugubuduza, kujambula ndi kupangira pulasitiki wamapilitsi amtunduwu kumayambitsa kusokonekera komanso kusokonekera mu mec hanical katundu wa nkhani.
2. Njira yaku American EJMA yowerengera
Malo ogwira ntchito a ma bellows amawerengedwa
Dera logwira ntchito ndi imodzi mwazinthu zoyambira magwiridwe antchito, limayimira kuthekera kwa matondo kusinthitsa mphamvu kuti ikhale yokhazikika, pogwiritsa ntchito matondo kutembenuza kukakamiza kuti kutulutsa mphamvu, malo ogwira ntchito ndi gawo lofunikira.
Ripple ikagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chida cholimbitsira mphamvu, kukhazikika kwa malo ake ogwira ntchito kumakhudza molondola chida chake. dera silimasintha ndi momwe zinthu zikuyendera panthawi yogwira ntchito.
1. Lingaliro la malo ogwira ntchito ndikusintha kwa malo ogwira ntchito
Malo ogwira ntchito ndi malo ofanana ndi omwe kupanikizika kudzakhala ndi mphamvu yofanana ya axial. Malo ogwira ntchito amakula.
2. Volumetric yothandiza madera a matondo
Kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa voliyumu ndikusintha kwakanthawi kofananira kwa ma bellows mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu yakunja kapena kusiyanasiyana kwamphamvu kumatchedwa dera lamphamvu la voliyumu.
3. Kuwerengetsa malo ogwira ntchito a matumbo
Zofunikira pakufunika kwa ma bellows ndi njira zawo zowerengera zimatengera kugwiritsa ntchito ma bellows. Pali mitundu ina pakati pa ziwerengero zoyesedwa ndi kuyeza kwa malo ogwira ntchito a zotumphukira.
Ripple ikagwiritsidwa ntchito pachida cholimbitsira mphamvu komanso papulatifomu yomwe imafunikira kusintha kukakamiza kuchitapo kanthu, dera loyenera liyenera kutsimikizika molondola ndikuyeza kumayenera kuchitidwa chimodzichimodzi.
Kuzindikira kupindika
Kuwonongeka komwe kungakhalepo pazitsulo zazitsulo ndi zinthu zina zotanuka zomwe zili pansi pa unit unit zimatchedwa kukhudzika kwa chinthucho.Ukuuma ndi chidwi ndizomwe zimagwira ntchito pophulitsa ndi zinthu zina zotanuka, koma ndizofotokozera ziwiri za machitidwe omwewo. zochitika zosiyanasiyana, kuti athandizire kusanthula vutoli, magawo aliwonse angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Malo othandiza kupindulira
Chizindikiro china chofunikira ndi malo ogwira ntchito yotanuka yomwe imazindikira kutembenuka kwamphamvu kapena kutembenuka kwamphamvu.
Moyo wopinda
Zotanuka zimakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri zikamagwira ntchito; Imodzi ndikugwira ntchito pansi pa katundu ndi kusunthidwa kwina, ndikusunga katundu ndi kusunthira kusasinthika kapena kusintha pang'ono, kotchedwa ntchito ya static; Nkhani ina yogwiritsa ntchito ndikuti katundu ndi kusamutsidwa kwawo akusinthasintha mu Zinthu zomwe zikuwonongeka kapena kulephera ndizosiyana kutengera mtundu wa anthu ogwira ntchito. Kutalika, nthawi zambiri mpaka makumi masauzande mpaka masauzande mazana.Zinthu zamagulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi uinjiniya, nthawi zina amagwira ntchito m'malo otsekemera kapena kusinthasintha kwa zinthu, moyo umangokhala nthawi zowuma zokhazokha. , kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe, nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwake.
Moyo wovoteledwa wa zotanuka ndiye moyo wantchito woyembekezereka womwe umatsimikizika panthawi yamapangidwe, ndipo amafunika kuti chinthucho sichiloledwa kuoneka kutopa, kuwonongeka kapena kulephera panthawiyi.
Kukulunga kolimba
Kuwonetsetsa kumatanthawuza chinthu chomwe chimakhala ndi vuto linalake lakunja ndi lakunja lomwe likuchitapo kanthu kuti zitsimikizire kuti palibe kutuluka kwa ntchito. Njira zoyeserera kusindikiza zimaphatikizapo kuyesa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, kuyesa kutayikira, kuyesa kuthamanga kwa madzi, madzi sopo kapena helium mass spectrometer leak detector.
Mafupipafupi achilengedwe
Zinthu zotanuka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotetemera pamalo ogwirira ntchito, ndipo zinthu zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zothetsera vutoli. pafupipafupi (makamaka mafupipafupi ofunikira) kuchokera pafupi ndi gwero lililonse logwedezeka, kuti mupewe kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha resonance. Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe a ma bellows, pafupipafupi ma bellows ayenera kukhala ochepera kuposa kugwedezeka kwamachitidwe, kapena kupitirira 50% kuposa kuthamanga kwadongosolo.
Kutentha kwa ntchito
Zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana otentha omwe amaperekedwa kale asanapangidwe ndi kupanga zotanuka Zina mwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera, zotsekemera kudzera m'madzi oksijeni (-196 ℃) kapena kutsika kwamadzi ozizira otentha, zimatha kupirira mpaka 25MPa. Cholumikizira chachikulu chazitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza ma network (maina ang'onoang'ono nthawi zina kuposa LM) chimafunika kuthana ndi 4Mpa, kutentha kwa 400 ℃, ndipo imakhala ndi bata lokhazikika kwa dzimbiri. Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa zinthu zotanuka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito; Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi magwiritsidwe ntchito azigawo zotentha, sankhani magawo oyenera a kutentha kwa zinthu zotanuka, kuti mukonze ndikukonzekera zigawo zikuluzikulu zoyenerera.
Magawo luso
Katundu wonyamula
Zomwe zimayembekezeredwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pazitsulo zazitsulo ndi zinthu zina zotanuka, monga mphamvu F, kuthamanga p ndi mphindi M, ndi zina. Katundu wapanikizika, ndiyeneranso kuwonetsa ngati zotanuka zimapanikizika mkati kapena kunja.
Kutalika kololeza kololeka kokwanira kapena kuchuluka kwathunthu kwazitsulo zazitsulo ndi zinthu zina zotanuka pansi pazoyenera magwiridwe antchito.Nthawi zambiri kumakhala kuyerekezera kwamapangidwe, kapena mtengo wowunikidwanso pambuyo poyeserera komweko.
Kulemera kwake kwa chinthu chotanuka chimaloledwa kupitilira katundu wovoteledwa popanda kuwonongeka, kulephera kapena kusakhazikika pamagwiridwe antchito nthawi yomweyo kapena pakuyesa. Mavoti amtundu wa ma bellows omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa pa 150% ya katundu amene adavoteledwa.Malinga ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo, pakufunika chitetezo chachikulu, chinthu chogwiritsika ntchito chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito sichilola kuti chiwonjezere chilichonse, ndiye kuti katunduyo ayenera kukhala wochepera kapena wofanana ndi oveteredwa katundu phindu.
Chizolowezi chosuntha
Kusintha kwa malo amalo (kumapeto kwaulere kapena pakati) pazitsulo zazitsulo komanso zotanuka. Malinga ndi mayendedwe ake, amatha kugawidwa mokhazikika komanso kusunthira kozungulira. Zitha kutulutsa ma axial kusunthika, kutaya kwa ma angular ndi kusuntha kosunthika.
Zitsulo zazitsulo ndi zotanuka mumtolo wovoteledwa womwe umayambitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwakusunthika, ndiye kuti, amaloledwa kutulutsa mosaloledwa.
Mitundu yonse yazinthu zotanuka zimaloledwa kupitilira mphamvu zosunthira zomwe zidavotera munthawi yogwira kapena pakuyesa. Pamafunika kusamutsidwa kwakukulu, zotanuka siziyenera kuwonongeka, kulephera, kusakhazikika, ndi zina zambiri. zigawo zikuluzikulu, kusamutsidwa kwakukulu kumangokhala kwa 125% yaomwe adasamukira, ndipo ma bellows omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito pulojekitiyi ayenera kutsimikiziridwa kutengera momwe uinjiniya uliri komanso digiri ya chitetezo.
Khalidwe lotambalala lopindidwa
Ubwenzi wapakati pa kusuntha kwazitsulo zazitsulo ndi zinthu zina zotanuka pakatenthedwe kapenanso katundu woyesedwayo amatchedwa mawonekedwe otanuka, ndipo kusunthika konse ndi katundu ziyenera kukhala zotanuka pazinthuzo. Makhalidwe otanuka amtunduwu amatha kuwonetsedwa mwa mawonekedwe a magwiridwe antchito, matebulo ndi ma graph. Makhalidwe ake otanuka amadalira kapangidwe kake ndi kutsitsa mawonekedwe azinthu zingapo zotanuka. Makhalidwe otanuka a chinthucho amatha kukhala ofanana kapena osapanganika, ndipo kusagwirizana kumatha gawanikaninso momwe zikuchulukira ndikuchepa.
Makhalidwe otanuka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida ndi zida zoyezera amapangidwa mwanjira yoti zomwe zimatulutsidwa mu ubalewo ndizogwirizana ndi gawo loyesa (katundu Mwanjira imeneyi, njira yosavuta yotumizira yamagwiritsidwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukwaniritsa kukula kwa chida.
Mapangidwe otsalira otsalira
Kusintha kwa zotsalira zazitsulo ndi zinthu zina zotanuka zimatanthawuza kusunthika kwa zinthu pambuyo pakutsitsa ndipo zotanuka sizingabwerere pamalo pomwe zidatsitsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Pomwe kusamutsidwa kwamavuto (kapena kupanikizika) kumachulukirachulukira kukulira kwakanthawi kosintha, kutsalira kotsalira kudzawonjezeka kwambiri.
Kusintha kotsalira ndi gawo lodziwitsa kuthekera kwakapangidwe kazinthu zotanuka. Pazinthu zotanuka, ngati kutsalira kwakukulu kumachitika pambuyo pofika pamtengo woyenera wosamutsira, zimakhudza kulondola kwa chida. zigawo zikuluzikulu (monga zolumikizira zolowetsa), nthawi zina kuti zisamuke kwambiri, kuti zinthu zizigwira ntchito mdera la elasto-pulasitiki, padzakhala deformation yayikulu yotsalira. Kenako mapangidwe otsalira saganiziridwanso.
Kupinda kuti musinthe kapangidwe kameneka
Maziko amalingaliro azitsulo zopangira matayala ndi mbale ndi chipolopolo, makina azinthu, masamu owerengera ndi zina zambiri.Pali magawo ambiri pakapangidwe kazitsulo. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosiyanasiyana kwa ziwombankhanga m'dongosolo, mfundo zazikuluzikulu pakupanga ndi kuwerengera ndizosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ma bellows amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa zigawo zikuluzikulu, ndipo gawo loyenera la ma bellows liyenera kukhala losasintha kapena kusintha pang'ono mkati mwa magwiridwe antchito, ndipo mawonekedwe otanuka a ma bellows amafunika kuti akhale ofanana pakuyeza zigawozo. Pazitsulo zosinthira ngati chubu chosindikizira, katundu wosindikiza, kusuntha kwa axial komanso kutopa kwazitsulo zimafunikira. Ayenera kukhala ndi vuto linalake, kutentha kwa dzimbiri, kutentha kwa kutentha, kusunthika kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi moyo wotopa. ndipangidwe ndi kuwerengetsa kwa chipolopolo chozungulira, chipolopolo chathyathyathya kapena mbale yamphete.
Magawo owerengedwa ndi kuuma, kupsinjika, malo ogwira ntchito, kusakhazikika, kusamuka kololeka, kukakamizidwa kukakamizidwa komanso moyo wautumiki.
Lopinda kuthamanga kukaniza
Kutentha kwazitsulo ndi kutentha kwapadera, kutentha kwapakati kumatha kupsinjika kwapakati, kutanthauza kuti, kuthamanga kwapakati pazovuta nthawi zonse, kuthamanga kumapanikizika pang'ono (kuthamanga mkati kapena kunja Press) ntchito, chifukwa chake iyenera kupirira kukakamizidwa pantchito yonse yopanda pulasitiki.
Chinsinsi cha kuwerengera ndikuwunika kupsinjika, ndiye kuti, kusanthula kwa kupsinjika kwa khoma lamatope bola kupsinjika kwakumapeto kwa kupsinjika kwa khoma osapitirira mphamvu zokolola zakuthupi, kuthamanga kwa belu sikudzafika pokana kukakamizidwa.
Mabomba omwewo munthawi zina zogwirira ntchito ndi ofanana, kukhazikika kwa kuthamanga kwakunja ndikwabwino kuposa kukakamiza kwamkati, chifukwa chake kukakamira kwakukulu kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kukakamiza kwamkati kukakamizidwa kwakunja kuchitidwa.
Pamene ma bellows akhazikika kumapeto onse awiri, ngati kupanikizika kokwanira kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkatikati, ma bellows atha kuwonongeka ndi kuphulika pakatikati. Kupanikizika komwe kumayambira mkati mwa ma bellows pomwe ma bellows ayamba kuphulika amatchedwa kuthamanga kwakuphulika. Pa nthawi yonse yogwira ntchito yolira, kupanikizika kogwira ntchito kumakhala kocheperako poyerekeza ndi kuphulika, apo ayi malobelo adzaphwanyidwa ndikuwonongeka.
Kutalika kwazitali kumakhala kochepera kapena kofanana ndi gawo lakunja, zotsatira zowerengedwa zili pafupi ndi kuphulika kwenikweni. Kupsyinjika kwenikweni kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kwa ma belu owonda aatali. kuthamanga ntchito.
Kukhazikika kolimba
Mapeto onse a malowolo akakhala ochepa, ngati kukakamizidwa kwa ma bellows kukuwonjezeka kufika pamtengo wofunikira, ma bellows sadzakhazikika.
Kupinda kololedwa kololeka
Pazitsulo zomwe zikugwira ntchito mopanikizika, kusunthika kwake kwakukulu ndi: kupumira pansi pakukakamizidwa, kukakamizidwa kulumikizana pakati pa ma bellows kumatha kutulutsa kuchuluka kwakusunthika, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti dongosolo lovomerezeka kusamutsidwa kwakukulu, ndilofanana Kutulutsa kwaulere ndi kutalika kwakanthawi kotalikirana.
Kuthamangitsidwa kwakukulu komwe ma bellows angapeze popanda kusintha kwa pulasitiki kumatchedwa kusunthika kololeza kololeza.
Corrugated chitoliro adzabala mapindikidwe yotsalira mu ndondomeko ya ntchito zothandiza, mapindikidwe yotsalira amatchedwanso mapindikidwe okhazikika kapena mapindikidwe pulasitiki, corrugated chitoliro mapindikidwe pansi pa zochita za mphamvu kapena kukakamiza, pamene mphamvu kapena kuthamanga pambuyo katundu, corrugated chitoliro si kubwezeretsa chikhalidwe choyambirira chimatchedwa kutsalira kotsalira, mapindikidwe otsalira nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito chitoliro chazitsulo kuti abwezeretse malo omwe kuchuluka kwake kumatchedwa kuti zero.
Ubwenzi wapakati pamavuto osunthira ndi zero. Kusintha kotsalira kwa ma bellows koyambirira kwa ma bellows kusamukira ndikochepa kwambiri, komwe kumakhala kocheperako poyerekeza ndi zero pamlingo woyambira, mosasamala kanthu za kusokonekera kapena kusokonekera kwapadera. Kusintha kwakanthawi, kudzapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa mtengo wa zero, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti kuphulika kumatulutsa zotsalira zazikulu zotsalira, pambuyo pake. Chifukwa chake, ma bellows nthawi zambiri sayenera kupitirira kusunthaku, apo ayi zitha kuchepetsa kulondola kwake, kukhazikika, kudalirika komanso moyo wothandizira.
Kusunthika kololeza kosavomerezeka kwamatope mdziko lopanikizika ndikokulirapo kuposa komwe kumakhalira mavuto, motero ma bellows amayenera kupangidwira kuti azigwira ntchito munthawi yoponderezana momwe zingathere. kuyimba kwa zinthu zomwezo ndi tanthauzo lomwelo ndi 1.5 nthawi zowaloleza kusuntha kwamalo.
Kusunthika kololeka kumayenderana ndi magawo azithunzi a geometrical komanso zinthu zakuthupi. Nthawi yomweyo, kukula kwake kwa funde komanso makulidwe amawu zimathandizanso.
Moyo wopinda
Moyo wamatope ndi nthawi yayifupi kwambiri yogwira ntchito kapena kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe omwe angatsimikizire kugwira ntchito bwino akagwiritsidwa ntchito muntchito. Makina osindikizira otsekemera omwe amapangidwa ndi ma bellows nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pansi pakuchulukana kwakanthawi kochulukirapo komanso kusamuka kwakukulu, kotero ndi kwa Chifukwa ntchito ya ma bellows ndiyosiyana, zofunikira pa moyo wake wautumiki sizofanana.
(1) chitoliro cholowa chikamagwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezera kupatuka kwa malo komwe kumachitika chifukwa chokhazikitsa njira yolipira, ndikokwanira kungofunika kangapo m'moyo wake.
(2) matovu amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawongolero a ma thermostat omwe amasintha pafupipafupi, ndipo moyo wawo uyenera kufikira nthawi 10,000 kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira.
(3) pamene bellows ntchito masiwichi zingalowe ngati zisindikizo zingalowe, moyo wawo ayenera kufika nthawi 30000 kuonetsetsa ntchito yachibadwa.
Kuchokera pazitsanzo zitatu zomwe zatchulidwazi zitha kuwonedwa, chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana, ma bellows amafunikira kusiyana kwakukulu m'moyo wautumiki. Kupanikizika kotsalira, kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika ndi mawonekedwe apadziko lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, moyo wautumiki umakhudzana ndi momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito. , momwe zimakhudzira, ndi zina zambiri.
Kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali kumadalira kupsinjika kwakukulu komwe kumachitika muntchitoyo. Kusunthika kwake kololedwa komanso kukakamizidwa kwake kuyenera kukhala ochepera theka la kukakamizidwa kwa ma bellows pakupanga konse.
Kuyesedwa kwa ma bellows kwatsimikizira kuti ngati ma bellows agwira ntchito molingana ndi zomwe zanenedwa pamwambapa, moyo wake wogwiritsa ntchito nthaka yoyambira ukhoza kufikira nthawi 50,000.
Malinga ndi kupsinjika kwa magwiridwe antchito, kusunthika kololeza kofiyirako ndikosiyana ndi kupumira komwe kumangokhala ndi axial katundu (mavuto kapena kukakamiza), kusamutsidwa kwawo kololeka kumatha kusankhidwa pakati pa 10% ~ 40% ya kutalika kwa Mphutsi ikagwidwa ndi mphamvu yokhazikika, mphindi yakutsogolo kapena mphamvu yophatikizira, kusamutsidwa kololeza koyenera kuyenera kuchepetsedwa moyenera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mabatani angapo osanjikiza kungachepetse kuuma ndi kupsinjika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mapindikidwe, kuti moyo wamabomba ukhale wabwino kwambiri.
Moyo wothandizira ma bellows udzakhala wosiyana zinthu zina zikakhala chimodzimodzi komanso magwiridwe antchito (osinthasintha kapena katundu wosiyanasiyana) ndi osiyana.Zikuwonekeratu kuti moyo wamabulu omwe amakhala pansi pa katundu wosinthasintha ndi waufupi kuposa womwe umasungidwa nthawi zonse.
Bwerani kuti musinthe gawoli
Chitsulo chosungunuka chitoliro komanso chozizira kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito matenthedwe ozizira mkati mwa injini yoyaka mafuta mu petulo ndi injini ya dizilo yozizira kapena pakati pa chubu chokhazikitsira mizu ya 1-1000 yokhala ndi chitoliro chophatikizika chokhotakhota chachitsulo, potengera njira ya njira zokulitsira, kuwotcherera kuyenera kukhazikika pa chubu la chubu kumapeto amodzi, komwe kumasintha kayendedwe kakuzizira, kukonza koyefishienti yotentha, Kuchulukitsa kutentha kosinthira. mtengo, ntchito yodalirika, kutentha kwambiri, osakulitsa, moyo wautali komanso kupsinjika kwakanthawi kochepa.
1, kukakamizidwa kutengera kuthamanga kwenikweni kwa payipi, kenako kufunsa m'mimba mwake mwanjira yolumikizira ndi kuyeza kwachangu, sankhani ngati mungagwiritse ntchito mtundu wa mauna osapanga dzimbiri.
2, kukula kwa payipi awiri mwadzina, kusankha mtundu wa olowa (makamaka kugwirizana flange, ulusi yamazinga, kugwirizana mwamsanga) ndi kukula, payipi kutalika.
3, malinga ndi momwe payipi imagwiritsidwira ntchito, onetsani kugwiritsa ntchito molondola ndi kukhazikitsa payipi yazitsulo ndi payipi mukakhazikitsa kulipira kwakutali kwambiri. utali wozungulira payipi, ndi kusankha zolondola kutalika kwa payipi ndi kukhazikitsa bwino.
4. Kutentha kogwira ntchito komanso kutalika kwa sing'anga mu payipi yotentha; Kutentha kozungulira komwe payipi imagwira ntchito. Kutentha kwambiri, malinga ndi kuthamanga kwakanthawi kogwirira ntchito kwazitsulo zazitsulo pamatenthedwe, kukakamiza pambuyo pakukonza kutentha atsimikiza mtima kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga.
5. Mankhwala a sing'anga omwe amayendetsedwa mu payipi yapakatikati amatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi tebulo lazolimbana ndi dzimbiri lazolowera payipi kuti adziwe zakumapeto kwa payipiyo.
6. Vacuum payipi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga monocrystalline silicon kuti ikwaniritse zingalowe zoipa
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu lamba wachitsulo
Chitsulo cholimba chachitsulo, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti lamba wachitsulo cholimbitsa ma polyethylene ozungulira, ndi mtundu wamakina oyimitsa khoma chitoliro chokhala ndi polyethylene yayikulu (PE) ngati masanjidwewo (wosanjikiza wamkati ndi wakunja) komanso pamwamba pake wokutidwa ndi lamba wachitsulo chomata. Kapangidwe kazipangizo kamakompyuta kamapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu: mkatikati mwake ndi khoma lolimba la PE lamkati, chubu lamkati ndi bala (lopangidwa ndi mbale yachitsulo mu mawonekedwe a "V") annular wavy chitsulo cholimbitsa thupi, mu chitsulo cha wavy Mzere wolimbitsa thupi umaphatikizidwa ndi polyethylene yakunja, kuti muphatikize mitundu yonse yazitsulo. Kapangidwe kameneka kakuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi. Njira yolimba yazitsulo pafupifupi nthawi 200 ya polyethylene (zotanuka za kaboni chitsulo mu 190000 MPa ), kuphatikiza ndi zabwino zachitsulo ndi pulasitiki zikuwoneka kuti zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, kugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono, njira yabwino yolimba, kulimba kwazitsulo ndi zinthu zapulasitiki zabwino monga kukana dzimbiri , kuvala kukana komanso kusinthasintha mwachilengedwe, kusewera mwayi pazinthu ziwirizi, Pangani zolakwika pazinthu ziwirizi, ndikukwaniritsa umodzi wogwira bwino ntchito komanso wotsika mtengo.